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The Ford Motor Company (NYSE: F) is an American multinational corporation based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. The automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. In addition to the Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Aston Martin in the UK. Ford's former UK subsidiaries Jaguar and Land Rover were sold to Tata Motors of India in March 2008. In 2010 Ford sold Volvo to Geely Automobile. Ford will discontinue the Mercury brand at the end of 2010.
Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines. Henry Ford's methods came to be known around the world as Fordism by 1914.
Ford is currently the second largest automaker in the U.S. and the fourth-largest in the world based on number of vehicles sold annually, directly behind Volkswagen Group. In 2007, Ford fell from second to third in US annual vehicle sales for the first time in 56 years, behind only General Motors and Toyota. However, Ford occasionally outsells Toyota in shorter periods (most recently, during the summer months of 2009). By the end of 2009, Ford was the third largest automaker in Europe (behind Volkswagen and PSA Peugeot Citroën).[7] Ford is the eighth-ranked overall American-based company in the 2010 Fortune 500 list, based on global revenues in 2009 of $118.3 billion.[8] In 2008, Ford produced 5.532 million automobiles[9] and employed about 213,000 employees at around 90 plants and facilities worldwide. During the automotive crisis, Ford's worldwide unit volume dropped to 4.817 million in 2009. Despite the adverse conditions, Ford ended 2009 with a net profit of $2.7 billion. Starting in 2007, Ford received more initial quality survey awards from J. D. Power and Associates than any other automaker. Five of Ford's vehicles ranked at the top of their categories and fourteen vehicles ranked in the top three.
Contents
1 History
2 Corporate governance
3 Recent company developments
3.1 "The Way Forward"
3.2 Online
4 Brands and marques
5 Global markets
5.1 Europe
5.2 Asia Pacific
5.3 South America
5.4 Africa and Middle East
6 Environmental initiatives and alternative propulsion systems
6.1 Compressed natural gas
6.2 Flexible fuel vehicles
6.3 Electric vehicles
6.3.1 Hybrid electric vehicles
6.3.2 All-electric vehicles
6.4 Hydrogen
6.5 Increased fuel efficiency
6.6 PC Power Management
7 Auto racing
7.1 NASCAR
7.2 Formula One
7.3 Rally
7.4 Sports cars
7.5 Touring cars
7.6 Other
8 Ford trucks
9 Bus products
10 Ford tractors
11 U.S. Sales
11.1 Fleet Sales
12 Criticism
12.1 Alleged Nazi collaboration
12.2 Argentine "Dirty War"
12.3 Ford Pinto
13 See also
14 Notes
15 References and further reading
15.1 Ford Motor Company
16 External links
History
Henry Ford (ca. 1919)
1896 Ford Quadricycle
Main article: History of Ford Motor Company
The Ford Motor Company was launched in a converted factory in 1903 with $28,000 in cash from twelve investors, most notably John and Horace Dodge (who would later found their own car company). Henry's first attempt under his name was the Henry Ford Company on November 3, 1901, which became the Cadillac Motor Company on August 22, 1902. During its early years, the company produced just a few cars a day at its factory on Mack Avenue in Detroit, Michigan. Groups of two or three men worked on each car from components made to order by other companies. Henry Ford was 40 years old when he founded the Ford Motor Company, which would go on to become one of the world's largest and most profitable companies, as well as being one to survive the Great Depression. As one of the largest family-controlled companies in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 100 years.
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